Analog vs. digital speedometer
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003687017301242
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003687017301242
Negroponte (1991), cited in Magic and Software Design: I remember scholarly papers (circa 1972) that argued against color in the displays. They were filled with tables, control groups, and the like, proving that color could be confusing.
More Than Just Good Passwords? A Study on Usability and Security Perceptions of Risk-based Authentication
System Usability Scale (SUS): When a SUS is used, participants are asked to score the following 10 items with one of five responses that range from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree: think that I would like to use this system frequently. found the system unnecessarily complex. thought the system was easy to use. think that I would need the support of a technical person to be able to use this system.